Introduction
Heart transplant, jise Urdu me دل کی پیوند کاری kaha jata hai, aik advanced medical procedure hai jisme kharab ya fail hota hua dil nikal kar aik healthy donor ka dil patient me transplant kiya jata hai. Ye surgery un logon ke liye life-saving option hoti hai jin ka dil medicines, devices, ya doosri therapies se control nahi hota. Duniya bhar me har saal hazaron patients heart transplant ki madad se dobara normal zindagi jeena shuru karte hain.
Is article me hum heart transplant ke causes, procedure, risks, recovery, cost, eligibility, donor matching, aur long-term life expectations ko detail me cover karenge — bilkul SEO friendly, simple language me.
What Is a Heart Transplant?
Heart transplant aik surgical operation hota hai jisme end-stage heart failure wale patient ka dil hata kar donor ka healthy dil lagaya jata hai.
Donor usually woh hota hai jiska brain death ho chuka hota hai magar uske organs abhi functioning me hotay hain.
Heart transplant ka main purpose hai:
- Blood pumping improve karna
- Body ko oxygen supply normalize karna
- Patient ko long-term survival aur quality of life dena
Who Needs a Heart Transplant? (Eligibility Criteria)
Doctor heart transplant tab recommend karta hai jab heart failure last stage par ho aur koi aur treatment kaam na kare.
Major Reasons Include:
- Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- Coronary Artery Disease (Severe Blockage)
- Congenital Heart Defects (Birth Issues)
- Severe Valvular Heart Disease
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
- Life-Threatening Arrhythmias (Irregular Heartbeats)
Patient Should Not Have:
- Active cancer
- Severe lung disease
- Chronic infection
- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Drug or alcohol addiction
Only wohi patient transplant ke liye approved hota hai jo surgery ke baad strict lifestyle follow kar sakay.
How Doctors Evaluate a Patient for Heart Transplant?
Aik patient ko transplant list me add karne se pehle multiple test hotay hain:
- ECG
- Echocardiogram
- Cardiac MRI
- Blood Tests
- Kidney & Liver Function
- Stress Test
- Psychological Assessment
- Lifestyle & Social Support Check
Doctors ensure karte hain ke patient mentally & physically ready ho, aur surgery ke baad medicines time par le sakay.
How a Heart Transplant Works? (Step-by-Step Procedure)
1. Donor Heart Availability
Sabse pehle donor heart match hota hai:
- Blood group
- Body size
- Tissue compatibility
- Medical history
Once heart available ho jata hai, patient ko immediately hospital bulaya jata hai.
2. Surgery Process
Heart transplant surgery 4–6 ghantay tak chalti hai:
- Patient ko general anesthesia diya jata hai.
- Old heart ko body se remove kiya jata hai.
- Donor heart ko patient ke chest cavity me fit kiya jata hai.
- Major blood vessels attach ki jati hain.
- Body ko heart-lung machine se reconnect kiya jata hai.
- New heart beating start karta hai.
3. ICU Recovery
- First 48 hours most critical
- Heart rhythm monitoring
- Oxygen & breathing support
- Infection control
Post-Transplant Recovery
Heart transplant ke baad patient ko strong immune-suppressing medicines leni parti hain, jo body ko new heart ko reject karne se rokta hai.
Common Medicines Include:
- Tacrolimus
- Cyclosporine
- Mycophenolate
- Steroids
Lifestyle Changes
- Salt kam
- Fat-free diet
- Daily walk
- Weight control
- Smoking & alcohol se door rehna
Regular Medical Checkups
- Monthly biopsy
- ECG & Echo
- Blood levels monitoring
Success Rate of Heart Transplant
Aaj ke time me heart transplants ka success rate world-class hospitals me 85% to 90% tak hota hai.
Average Survival After Transplant
- 1 Year Survival: 90%
- 5 Year Survival: 75%
- 10+ Years: Many people live healthy lives
Result depend karta hai:
- Patient ki age
- Lifestyle
- Regular medication
- Medical follow-ups
Risks & Complications
Har surgery ki tarah heart transplant me bhi risks hotay hain:
1. Organ Rejection
Body donor heart ko apna nahi samajhti, isliye immune system attack karta hai.
2. Infection
Immune suppressants lene ki wajah se infection ka risk barh jata hai.
3. Side Effects of Medicines
- Weight gain
- Weak bones
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
4. Cancer Risk
Long-term medicines se certain cancers ka risk slightly increase hota hai.
Heart Transplant Cost
Country ke hisaab se cost vary karti hai:
USA: 1 Million USD+
India: 40–50 Lakh INR
Pakistan: 30–50 Lakh PKR (Depending on hospital)
Turkey: 60–80 Lakh PKR
Cost me include hota hai:
- Surgery
- ICU stay
- Medicines
- Tests & Monitoring
Alternatives to Heart Transplant
Agar donor heart na mile ya patient eligible na ho, toh doctors ye options recommend karte hain:
1. LVAD (Left Ventricular Assist Device)
Artificial pump jo heart ko support karta hai.
2. Pacemaker / ICD
Heartbeat ko control karta hai.
3. Coronary Bypass Surgery
Blockage remove karne ke liye.
4. Medication Therapy
Heart failure control karne ke liye.
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Conclusion
Heart transplant modern medicine ka aik revolutionary procedure hai jise ne duniya bhar me laakhon zindagiyaan bachayi hain. Yeh un patients ke liye final hope hota hai jinka dil bilkul kaam karna band kar deta hai. Best results tab milte hain jab patient strict medicines, healthy diet, regular checkups aur doctors ke instructions par completely follow kare.
Agar proper donor match ho jaye, experienced surgeons mil jayein, aur patient ka lifestyle theek ho, toh heart transplant ke baad 10–20 saal tak bilkul normal zindagi guzarna possible hota hai.